definition of special education by hallahan and kauffmandefinition of special education by hallahan and kauffman

. LD only affects children. The purpose of the Handbook of Special Education is to help profile and bring greater clarity to the already sprawling and continuously expanding field of special education. LD is just an excuse for irre-sponsible, unmotivated, or lazy people.Reality. Special Education Categories Section Editors: Paige C. Pullen and Daniel P. Hallahan, Section V. Assessment of Students with Disabilities: Section Editor: Jennifer H. Lindstrom, Section VI. The Promise and Problem with Technology in Special Education: Implications for Academic Learning, Section VIII. Handbook of Special Education - Google Books The meaning of SPECIAL EDUCATION is classes or instruction designed for students with special educational needs. Free Appropriate Public Education, Mitchell L. Yell, Jean B. Crockett, James G. Shriner, & Michael Rozalski, Chapter 7. She has been principal investigator on federally funded projects and hasco-authored books, book chapters, and articles on evidence-based reading instruction. Exceptional Children : Introduction to Special Education Transition to Daily Living for Persons with High Incidence Disabilities, David Scanlon, James R. Patton, & Marshall Raskind, Section X. . These may be manifested in disorders of listening, thinking, talking, reading, writing, spelling, or arithmetic. Writing and Students with Language and Learning Disabilities, Gary A. Troia, Steve Graham, & Karen R. Harris, Chapter 36. That is, children with LD are performing below their ability, intelligence, or potential. Reviews aren't verified, but Google checks for and removes fake content when it's identified, Learning and Memory Language Problems Academic Achievement, Education for the Mildly Retarded Education for the Moderately Retarded, SPECIAL CONSIDERATIONS IN EDUCATING THE PRESCHOOL CHILD, Conductive Sensorineural and Mixed Impairments Impairments of the Outer, EDUCATIONAL CONSIDERATIONS FOR THE HEARINGIMPAIRED, SPECIAL CONSIDERATIONS IN EDUCATING THE PRESCHOOL, EDUCATIONAL CONSIDERATIONS FOR THE VISUALLY IMPAIRED, Braille Special Instructional Aids Use of Remaining Sight Listening Skills, EDUCATIONAL CONSIDERATIONS FOR THE LEARNING DISABLED, for Hyperactivity and Distractibility Cognitive Behavior Modification Behavior, Causes and Conceptual Models Biological Factors Family Factors School, Intelligence and Achievement Social and Emotional Characteristics Special, Absence of Verbal Language Development Qualitatively Different Language, SPECIAL CONSIDERATIONS IN EDUCATING THE ADOLESCENT, PSYCHOLOGICAL AND BEHAVIORAL CHARACTERISTICS OF PHYSICALLY, PSYCHOLOGICAL AND BEHAVIORAL CHARACTERISTICS OF GIFTED, ATTITUDES TOWARD THE GIFTED AND THEIR EDUCATION, Research on the Effects of Institutionalization, Exceptional Children: Introduction to Special Education, Young Children with Special Needs: A Developmental and Ecological Approach, Effective Classroom Management: A Teacher's Guide, Prentice-Hall series in special education. Learning disabilities vary from person to person. Whether you're a teacher, school administrator, teacher-educator, or simply interested in the . The results indicated that 21% of the RESAs had no written eligibility criteria or policies, the length of the written policies varied from one sentence to 112 pages, and the severe discrepancy formula score varied from 15 to 30 standard score points! Instructional Issues for Students with High-Incidence Disabilities, Chapter 35. Since every subjectincluding mathrequires reading and writing, a reading disability affects all of a persons school-based learning. 4. Breadcrumbs Section. Dnyann en byk e-Kitap Maazasna gz atn ve web'de, tablette, telefonda veya e-okuyucuda hemen okumaya balayn. 3. Boys outnumber girls by about three to one in the LD category. (2017). The Concept of Labeling Labeling is the assignment of a descriptor to an individual based on selected behavioral and/or physical characteristics. Designing Robust Single-Case Design Experimental Studies, Sharlene A. Kiuhara, Thomas R. Kratochwill, Paige Cullen Pullen, Chapter 10. Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities, Edward A. Polloway, Emily C. Bouck, James R. Patton, & Jacqueline Lubin, Chapter 19. Whether youre a teacher, school administrator, teacher-educator, or simply interested in the topic, you will learn just what special education is, who gets it or who should get it, and why it is necessary. High-Stakes Testing and Accommodations, Chapter 30. Myth 3. Registered in England & Wales No. A number of reasons have been suggested for the enormous growth in the identification of students with learning disabilities. Discrepancies exist between a persons potential for learning and what that person actually learns. Without specialized support, the students disability will prevent him or her from learning. Exclusionary criterion - The students learning disability may not result primarily from visual or hearing impairment, mental retardation, serious emotional disturbance, or cultural differences. Exceptional Learners: An Introduction to Special Education PDF Children with LD are creative and resourceful, and can frequently be characterized as gifted and as alternative thinkers. Description. Special Education: What It Is and Why We Need It provides a thorough examination of the basic concept of special education, a discussion of specific exceptionalities, and constructive responses to common criticisms of special education. This places the definition in a special education context, but the E/BD phenomenon may also be the province of other agencies with different definitional perspectives (Forness, 1996). DOI link for Handbook of Special Education. (p. 69)Discrepancy in Diagnosing a Learning DisabilityAccording to Ortiz (2004). We use cookies to improve your website experience. However, others have suggested that the higher prevalence of learning disabilities among males may be due to referral bias. They suggest that academic difficulties are no more prevalent among boys than girls, but that boys are more likely to be referred for special education when they do have academic problems because of other behaviors, such as hyperactivity. The key differences between the definition set forth by IDEA and the definition established by the NJCLD are listed below: As noted above, the current IDEA definition of LD remains the same as that incorporated in P.L. PDF Defining Emotional or Behavioral Disorders: The Quest for Affirmation The General Education Context of Special Education: Section Editor: Naomi P. Zigmond, Section IV. The continuance of the P.L. Routledge. Share Add to book club Not in a club? It is essential to understand and recognize the LD as they might occur within the varying disability categories as well as different cultural and linguistic groups. PDF INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SPECIAL EDUCATION Vol 30, No: 2, 2015 We haven't found any reviews in the usual places. Key features include: Comprehensive CoverageFifty-seven chapters cover all aspects of special education in the United States including cultural and international comparisons. Bright children can mask their difficulties, and some kinds of learning problems may not surface until middle school, high school, or even college. National Association of Special Education Teachers: Introduction to VitalSource is a leading provider of eBooks. Exceptional Learners : An Introduction to Special Education He was the inaugural editor of Exceptionality and has served onnumerous editorial boards, including Learning Disabilities Research and Practice, Learning Disability Quarterly, The Journal of Special Education, and Exceptionality. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203837306, James M. Kauffman, C. Michael Nelson, Richard L. Simpson, Devery R. Mock, Margo A. Mastropieri, Thomas E. Scruggs, Sara Mills, Mitchell L. Yell, Antonis Katsiyannis, M. Renee Bradley, Michael Rozalski, Jason Miller, Angie Stewart, Bryan G. Cook, Kimberly A. McDuffi e-Landrum, Linda Oshita, and Sara Cothren Cook, Edward A. Polloway, James R. Patton, Marvalin A. Nelson, Paige C. Pullen, Holly B. However, it is still widely misunderstood and continues to be dogged by controversies related to such things as categorization, grouping, assessment, placement, funding, instruction, and a variety of legal issues. The number of students identified with learning disabilities parallels the increased social and cultural risks that have arisen during the past two decades. Get FREE 7-day instant eTextbook access! In response, the U.S. Office of Education was charged with creating a federal definition for what constituted a learning disability. Frameworks for Guiding Program Focus and Practices in Early Intervention, Patricia A. Snyder, Tara W. McLaughlin, & Crystal C. Bishop, Chapter 56. Meta-Analysis and Special Education, Chapter 12. The bulk of students served (42%), however, are between the ages of 10 and 13, with a sharp decrease observed for individuals between 16 and 21 years of age (U.S. Department of Education, 2000; cited in Gargiulio, 2004, p. 210). Emotional and Behavioral Disorders, Chapter 23. Learning disabilities cannot be outgrown, but they can be identified reliably in kindergarten or first-grade children, or even earlier. In 1975, Congress enacted P.L. Although three times more boys than girls are identified by schools as having learning disabilities, research studies show that, in fact, equal numbers of boys and girls have the most common form of learning problemdifficulty with reading. Learning disabilities vary from person to person. New, Used & Rental Textbooks Education Handbook of Special Education 1st Edition by James M. Kauffman (Editor), Daniel P. Hallahan (Editor) 1 rating ISBN-13: 978-0415800723 ISBN-10: 0415800722 Why is ISBN important? An introductory text to the field of special education and all of the different exceptionalities, e. g., learning disabilities, intellectual disabilities, ADHD, autism spectrum disorders,. Preparing Students with Low Incidence Disabilities to Work in the Community, Katherine J. Inge, Paul Wehman, & Hannah Seward, Chapter 49. Special Education: What It Is and Why We Need It provides a thorough examination of the basic concept of special education, a discussion of specific exceptionalities, and constructive responses to common criticisms of special education. Earlier, Kauffman (2002) argued that special education must be improved . The authors' clear and concise writing style makes research and theoretical issues easily understood. There are several technical definitions offered by various health and education sources. With the proper accommodations and support, adults with learning disabilities can be successful at higher education. Myth 4. if provided with learning experiences appropriate for the childs age and ability levels; and (2) the team finds that a child has a severe discrepancy between achievement and intellectual ability in one or more areas of academic skills. Lane, Kristen E. Ashworth, Shelly P. Lovelace, Gabriel I. Lomas, Jean F. Andrews, Pamela C. Shaw, Renee Lajiness-Oneill, Laszlo A. Erdodi, Jonathan D. Lichtenstein, Janine P. Stichter, Maureen A. Conroy, Rose Odonnell, Brian Reichow, Gary A. Troia, Steve Graham, Karen R. Harris, Lynn S. Fuchs, Amelia S. Malone, Pamela M. Seethaler, Sarah R. Powell, Douglas Fuchs, Thomas E. Scruggs, Margo A. Mastropieri, Frederick J. Brigham, Lisa Marshak Milman, Luke E. Kelly, Martin E. Block, Andrew M. Colombo-Dougovito, Erik Drasgow, Mark Wolery, Laura C. Chezan, James Halle, Zahra Hajiaghamohseni, Joseph W. Madaus, Manju Banerjee, Deborah Merchant, Walter R. Keenan, David Scanlon, James R. Patton, Marshall Raskind, Katherine J. Inge, Paul Wehman, Hannah Seward, George H. S. Singer, Christine Maul, Mian Wang, Brandy L. Ethridge, Melissa Raspa, Amanda Wylie, Donald B. Bailey, Siobhan Colgan, Kathleen Marshall, William H. Brown, Maureen A. Conroy, Herman Knopf, Patricia A. Snyder, Crystal C. Bishop, Tara W. McLaughlin, Dimitris Anastasiou, Paul L. Morgan, George Farkas, Andrew L. Wiley, Registered in England & Wales No. Four out of five children identified with a learning disability are diagnosed with a reading disability (or dyslexia). A child probably wont show all of these signs, or even most of them. The diagnosis of LD is more socially acceptable than many other special education classifications, particularly mild mental retardation and behavior disorders. 94-142. She is also the editor of Exceptionality and serves on the editorial board of other journals. Problems in self-regulatory behaviors, social perception, and social interaction may exist with learning disabilities but do not by themselves constitute a learning disability. In response to the criticisms, the NJCLD proposed an alternative definition. 94-142, a specific learning disability was defined as follows. Kauffman, James M., author. Her zamanki yerlerde hibir eletiri bulamadk. Click here to navigate to respective pages. Special Education: What It Is and Why We Need It (2nd ed.). learning problems that are primarily the result of visual, hearing, or motor disabilities, of mental retardation, of emotional disturbance, or of environmental, cultural, or economic disadvantage. at early stages of development. Customer preferences like text size, font type, page color and more. Special education is a way of addressing the core problem of variation in achievement and ability in the group of children to be taught. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315211831, Registered in England & Wales No. Learning disability (LD) is a general term that describes specific kinds of learning problems. Handbook of Special Education (1st ed.). It is written with both special education and general education students in mind. Section XII. Children with LD are identified in kindergarten and first grade.Reality. The disabilities involve languagereading, writing, speaking, and/or listening. Whether you're a teacher, school administrator, teacher-educator, or simply interested in the topic, you will learn just what special education is, who gets . Your chances of knowing someone with learning disabilities are very good. It is now known that the effects of LD continue throughout the individuals lifespan and may even intensify in adulthood as tasks and environmental demands change (Michaels, 1994). DISORDERS NOT INCLUDED. Designing Rigorous Group Studies in Special Education: Standards and Quality Indicators for Contemporary Group Design Research, Russell Gersten, Madhavi Jayanthi, Lana Santoro & Rebecca Newman-Gonchar, Chapter 9. It is possible for a student to move a few miles to the next school district and no longer be considered to have a learning disability. Some researchers have argued that the currently recognized 5% prevalence rate is excessive and is based on vague definitions, leading to inaccurate identification. 3099067, Statistics, Data, and Special Educational Decisions, The Individuals with Disabilities Education Act, Individual Education Programs for Children with Disabilities, Designing Rigorous Group Studies in Special Education, Designing Robust Single-Case Design Experimental Studies, Regression Discontinuity Design for Cross-Sectional Data, Longitudinal Data, and Intervention Research for Special Education, Meta-Analysis and Special Education Research, Research Synthesis and Meta-Analysis of Single-Case Designs, Responsiveness to Intervention and Multi-Tiered Systems of Support for Reducing Reading Difficulties and Identifying Learning Disability, Standards-Based Reform and Students with Disabilities, Co-Teaching for Students with Disabilities, General and Special Education Are (and Should Be) Different, Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities, Current Issues and Trends in the Education of Children and Youth with Autism Spectrum Disorders, Conceptual Models for Leading and Administrating Special Education, Fiscal Policy and Funding for Special Education, Transforming Leadership in Special Education, Improving Special Education Teacher Quality and Effectiveness, Writing and Students with Language and Learning Disabilities, Intervention to Improve Arithmetic, Word-Problem, and Fraction Performance in Students with Mathematics Disabilities, The Promise and Problem with Technology in Special Education, Educating Students with Significant Cognitive Disabilities, Systematic Instruction of Students with Significant Cognitive Disabilities, Access to General Education Curriculum for Students with Significant Cognitive Disabilities, Functional Curriculum for Students with Significant Cognitive Disabilities, Career Decision-Making and Preparation, Transition, and Postsecondary Attainment of Work-Bound Youth with High-Incidence Disabilities, Transition to Daily Living for Persons with High-Incidence Disabilities, Preparing Students with Low-Incidence Disabilities to Work in the Community, Transitioning Students with Low-Incidence Disabilities to Community Living, Promoting Collaborative Partnerships with Families, Resilience in Families of Children with Disabilities, Promoting Family Outcomes in Early Intervention, Contemporary Early Intervention Models, Research, and Practice for Infants and Toddlers with Disabilities and Delays, Early Intervention and Prevention of Disability, Frameworks for Guiding Program Focus and Practices in Early Intervention, Early Identification and Intervention in Gifted Education, Minority Disproportionate Representation in Special Education, Cross-National Differences in Special Education. Click here to navigate to respective pages. Routledge. Educational Decisions from: Handbook of Special Education . To hear autocomplete suggestions tab past the search button after typing keywords. Preparing Students with Low-Incidence Disabilities for Community Living Opportunities, Section XI. Children must fail before they qualify for needed services. The eighth edition of this best-selling introductory text in special education is the most extensive overall revision in its twenty-two year history. Learning problems are not due to environmental disadvantage. The new amendments to IDEA also call for a process that determines if a child responds to scientific, research-based intervention. If a student does, the school district may rule that there is no specific learning disability, but rather a prior failure to provide adequate instruction. Early Identi cation and Intervention in Exceptionality, Section XIII. The. Many girlslearning difficulties are neither identified nor treated. Deaf and Hard of Hearing Students, Gabriel I. Lomas, Jean F. Andrews, & Pamela C. Shaw, Renee Lajiness-O'Neill and Laszlo A. Erdodi, Chapter 26. Share the Definition of special education on Twitter Twitter. A study completed in Michigan compared the learning disabilities eligibility criteria and procedures for identification across the 57 regional education service agencies in the state (RESA). By the end of 1968, specific learning disability (abbreviated SLD or LD) became a federally designated category of special education (U.S. Office of Education, 1968), and in 1969, the Specific Learning Disabilities Act was enacted, Public Law 91-230. Cultural and International Issues in Special Education, Chapter 57. We haven't found any reviews in the usual places. However, nonacademic services to persons with developmental disabilities are provided by the Department of Developmental Disabilities (DDD) after high school. (2011). Exceptional Learners: An Introduction to Special Education: Hallahan Read, highlight, and take notes, across web, tablet, and phone. . Issues & TrendsIn addition to synthesizing empirical findings and providing a critical analysis of the status and direction of current research, chapter authors discuss issues related to practice and reflect on trends in thinking. (These numbers do not include children in private and religious schools or home-schooled children.) Finally, the dramatic increase in the number of students identified with LD is getting mixed reviews from learning professionals. The authors include information on topics such as current trends, multicultural and bilingual issues, mental retardation, learning disabilities, emotional or behavioral disorders, communication disorders, hearing impairment, visual impairment, physical disabilities, giftedness, and parents and families. Students with Emotional or Behavioral Disorders Less Stigmatizing James M. Kauffman and Jeanmarie Badar University of Virginia ABSTRACT: The authors note that identification as having emotional or behavioral disorders (EBD) is generally acknowledged to be stigmatizing. Adults with LD cannot succeed in higher education.Reality. Describing what is special about special education for stu-dents with emotional or behavioral disorders (EBD) presentsa uniquely difficult challenge, given that students with EBDprobably experience less school success than any other sub-group of students with or without disabilities. For instance, in 2001, 1% of white children and 2.6% of non-Hispanic black children were receiving LD-related special education services. Transition of Students with Low Incidence Disabilities Section Editor: M. Sherril Moon, Section XI. Contents. More and more adults with LD are going to college or university and succeeding. Legal Aspects of Special Education: Section Editor: Mitchell L. Yell, Section III. Instructional Issues for Students with Low Incidence Cognitive Disabilities: Section Editor: Adelle Renzaglia, Section IX. Read, highlight, and take notes, across web, tablet, and phone. As stated by Bowe (2004). . LD is caused by neurological impairments, not character flaws. Special education is essential to improve the situation of children with special needs (Ashman & Conway, 2017). IQ tests are not reliable and are unfair to many groups of children. In fact, they usually have average or above average intelligence, but their brains process information differently. Just what special education is, who gets it or who should get it, and why it is necessary are matters that relatively few teachers, parents, school administrators, or educators of teachers can explain accurately or with much confidence. LD is a group of disorders that affects peoples ability to either interpret what they see and hear or to link information from different parts of the brain. Intelligence has nothing to do with LD. Routledge. However, most people with learning disabilities have more than one area of difficulty. Here, the definition of a learning disability was formalized for children in special education. . The NJCLD definition allows for coexisting disabilities (e.g., learning disabilities and visual disabilities). They include conditions which have been referred to as perceptual handicaps, brain injury, minimal brain dysfunction, dyslexia, developmental aphasia, etc. The General Education Context of Special Education, Chapter 13. this volume of Exceptional Learners by Daniel P Hallahan, James M. Kauffman and Paige C. Pullen presents 495 pages of first . In fact, people with LD have average to above average intelligence. Reviews aren't verified, but Google checks for and removes fake content when it's identified, Educational Definition of Exceptional Learners, Exceptional Learners: Introduction to Special Education. They also can affect a persons attention, memory, coordination, social skills, and emotional maturity. Have trouble learning the alphabet, rhyming words, or matching letters to their sounds, Make many mistakes when reading aloud, and repeat and pause often, Have very messy handwriting or hold a pencil awkwardly, Learn language late and have a limited vocabulary, Have trouble remembering the sounds that letters make, or in hearing slight differences between words, Have trouble understanding jokes, comic strips, and sarcasm, Mispronounce words or use a wrong word that sounds similar, Have trouble organizing what he or she wants to say or not be able to think of the word needed for writing or conversation, Not follow the social rules of conversation, such as taking turns, and may stand too close to the listener, Not be able to retell a story in order (what happened first, second, third), Not know where to begin a task or how to go on from there. A learning disability can cause a person to have trouble learning and using certain skills. Such term does not include a learning problem that is primarily the result of visual, hearing, or motor disabilities, of mental retardation, of emotional disturbance, or of environmental, cultural, or economic disadvantage. Learning disabilities often go unrecognized for years; most are not identified until third grade. ERIC - ED376639 - The Illusion of Full Inclusion: A Comprehensive On the other hand, research efforts to identify objective early indicators of LD in basic reading skills have concluded that virtually all children scoring below the 25th percentile on standardized reading tests can meet the criteria for having a reading disorder. Ils reoivent soit une ducation ordinaire, soit dfaut une ducation spciale qui associe des actions pdagogiques, psychologiques, sociales et paramdicales ayant recours, autant que de besoin, des techniques de rducation comme l'orthophonie. Categorical ChaptersIn order to provide a comprehensive and comparative treatment of the twelve categorical chapters in section IV, chapter authors were asked to follow a consistent outline: Definition, Causal Factors, Identification, Behavioral Characteristics, Assessment, Educational Programming, and Trends and Issues. Notes Includes bibliographical references (pages 385-419) and indexes. Handbook of Special Education Edited By James M. Kauffman, Daniel P. Hallahan, Paige Cullen Pullen Copyright 2017 964 Pages by Routledge Description The purpose of the Handbook of Special Education is to help profile and bring greater clarity to the already sprawling and continuously expanding field of special education. The NJCLD definition clearly states that a learning disability may be a lifelong condition. Learning disabilities are not caused by economic disadvantage, but in low-income communities there is increased risk of exposure to harmful toxins (lead, tobacco, alcohol, etc.) Melissa Raspa, Siobhan Colgan, Amanda Wylie, & Donald B. Bailey, Jr. The second edition has been fully updated throughout to take into account recent changes to federal laws as well as the most current academic research, and an entirely new section has been added on research methods in special education. 3099067, How and Why Special Education Is Often Misunderstood, Frequent Criticisms and Responses to Them. Early Identification and Intervention in Gifted Education: Developing Talent in Diverse Learners, Section XIII. special education: 1 n education of physically or mentally handicapped children whose needs cannot be met in an ordinary classroom Type of: education the gradual process of acquiring knowledge PDF What Is Special About Special Education for Students with - ERIC Adults grow out of the disorders.Reality. Learning disability (LD) is a general term that describes specific kinds of learning problems. Il s'agit d'un processus de conscientisation culturelle et comportementale, matrialise sous un ensemble de savoir-faire et de valeurs. He was the inaugural occupant of the Virgil S. Ward Professor of Education Endowed Chair from 1996 to 1998 and was appointed to the university's Cavaliers' Distinguished Teaching Professorship from 2002 to 2004. Educating Students with Significant Cognitive Disabilities: Historical Overview and Future Projections, Chapter 41. However, if a child shows a number of these problems, then parents and the teacher should consider the possibility that the child has a learning disability. Section I. It is perhaps best to envision LD as a family or syndrome of disabilities affecting a wide range of academic and/or behavioral performance (Gargiulio, 2004, p. 206). Historical and Contemporary Issues in Educating Exceptional Learners, Chapter 1. As noted previously, LD is generally not diagnosed in individuals who have mental retardation because it is expected that people with low cognitive ability will have problems learning to read, write, or do math. Reality about Learning Disabilities, Advocacy (Board Certification for Advocacy in Special Education) BCASE, Inclusion - Board Certification in Inclusion in Special Education (BCISE) Program, Paraprofessional Skills Preparation Program - PSPP, Professional Development Program (PDP) Free to NASET Members, Courses - Professional Development Courses (Free With Membership), Forms, Tables, Checklists, and Procedures for Special Education Teachers, Exceptional Students and Disability Information, Literacy - Teaching Literacy in English to K-5 English Learners, Facebook - Special Education Teacher Group, Discipline of Students in Special Education Series, JAASEP - Research Based Journal in Special Education, Special Educator e-Journal - Latest and Archived Issues, Working with Paraprofessionals in Your School, Author Guidelines for Submission of Manuscripts & Articles to NASET, Exceptional Charter School in Special Education **, Outstanding Special Education Teacher Award, Board Certification in Special Education (BCSE), Board Certification in IEP Development (BCIEP), NASET Continuing Education/Professional Development Courses, Other Resources for Special Education Teaching Positions, Special Education Teacher Salaries by State, State Licensure for Special Education Teachers, Theoretical Perspectives on the Causes of Learning Disabilities, Characteristics of Children with Learning Disabilities, Eligibility Determination for Specific Learning Disabilities, The Importance of Response to Intervention (RTI) in the Understanding, Assessment, Diagnosis, and Teaching of Students with Learning Disabilities, Effective Teaching Strategies for Students with LD, Promoting Positive Social Interactions in an Inclusion Setting for Students with Learning Disabilities, Transition Services for Students with Learning Disabilities, IEP Development and Educational Placement Options for Students with Learning Disabilities, Assessment Measure Used to Determine Learning Disabilities in Students, Differentiation: Strategies and Educational Impact, Learning Disability Identification: What You Need to Know about the Discrepancy and Patterns of Strengths and Weaknessess ("Third Method") Models, What is a Learning Disability, Really?